What should you know about fighting depression?

Depression can affect mood, interest, energy, thinking, sleep, appetite and self-worth. Some people become irritable or anxious rather than feeling visibly sad. Fatigue, daytime sleepiness, difficulty concentrating and difficulty sleeping are worth mentioning, especially when they interfere with ordinary responsibilities. A diagnosis depends on the overall pattern, its effect on your life and possible physical or medication-related contributors. Depression is treatable, and asking for help is a sensible health step.

Arrange a GP appointment and describe changes in mood, sleep, appetite, concentration and functioning. Tell the clinician about alcohol, recreational drugs, medicines and any thoughts of self-harm. Treatment may involve talking therapy, medication, lifestyle support or a combination. Take medicines only as prescribed and discuss unwanted effects before stopping them. Keep goals small: wash, eat something nourishing, take prescribed treatment, step outside or message a trusted person. Accept practical help while your energy is low.

Seek emergency help if you are thinking about suicide or self-harm, have a plan, feel unable to stay safe, cannot care for yourself, or experience severe confusion, agitation or hallucinations. Contact local emergency services or attend an emergency department, and ask someone trusted to stay with you. Urgent support is appropriate even if you have not received a formal diagnosis.

Ask which treatments fit your symptoms, how progress will be reviewed, what side effects to watch for and what to do if your mood worsens. Ask whom to contact outside appointments and request a safety plan if frightening thoughts occur.