Extreme headache: what should you know?

Severe head pain can arise with migraine, infection, sinus inflammation, dehydration, heat exposure, or muscle tension. The pain may throb, press, or feel focused behind the eyes, forehead, or back of the head. A headache alone cannot identify its cause.

Notice when it began, how quickly it reached its peak, where it is located, and whether light, movement, fever, vomiting, congestion, rash, neck stiffness, weakness, confusion, or vision changes occur. These details help a clinician judge urgency.

Stop strenuous activity and rest somewhere cool and quiet. Sip fluids if you can swallow normally, and avoid alcohol. Keep a record of any medicine taken and do not exceed the label directions or combine products with the same ingredient.

Arrange medical advice if the pain does not settle, keeps returning, or is different from headaches you have had before. Conditions such as Dehydration, Heat Exhaustion, or Chronic Sinusitis may be relevant depending on your other symptoms.

Seek emergency help for a headache that reaches maximum intensity suddenly, follows a head injury, or occurs with fainting, seizure, new weakness, trouble speaking, severe confusion, stiff neck, high fever, repeated vomiting, or sudden vision loss. Do not drive yourself if you feel impaired.

Get same-day clinical advice for a severe new headache with fever, a spreading rash, eye pain, or persistent vomiting. In the UAE, use local emergency services when symptoms are severe or rapidly worsening.

Ask: What causes fit the timing and pattern of my pain? Do I need an examination or tests? Which pain relief options are suitable for me? What symptoms should make me return urgently?