Is an epidermoid cyst dangerous?

This type of skin cyst is a closed sac under the skin containing keratin, a protein made by skin cells. It may feel smooth, firm, or movable and can have a small central opening. A cyst itself is not the same as an abscess, although it can become inflamed or infected. A new lump should still be examined because several skin conditions can look alike.

Inflammation may cause tenderness, warmth, swelling, or redness. Pressure, friction, or attempts to squeeze the cyst can irritate the surrounding skin and push material deeper.

Do not pierce, squeeze, or repeatedly press the lump. Keep the area clean, protect it from rubbing, and note changes in size, colour, pain, or drainage. A clinician may observe a quiet cyst, use an injection to settle inflammation, drain an abscess when infection is present, or discuss removal when the cyst recurs, catches on clothing, or causes ongoing concern. See more about [Skin Lumps](/symptoms/skin-lumps/) and [Cyst Removal](/treatments/surgical-dermatology/cyst-removal/).

Arrange prompt medical review if the lump becomes increasingly painful, hot, red, swollen, or starts releasing pus or blood. Seek urgent care if redness spreads quickly, you feel very unwell, or fever accompanies the skin change. A lump that grows quickly, feels fixed, bleeds without being touched, or does not settle also deserves an examination.

Ask whether the examination is consistent with an epidermoid cyst, whether inflammation or infection is present, and whether monitoring or removal fits your situation. You can also ask how wound care would work, whether a scar is expected, and what changes should trigger a return visit.