The easiest way to get rid of lice

Head lice are small insects that live close to the scalp and attach eggs to hair shafts. Itching is common, but a person can have lice before itching starts. Nits may remain after treatment, so finding a nit alone does not prove that live lice are still present. Check near the scalp, especially behind the ears and at the nape, in bright light with a fine-toothed comb.

Confirm a live louse if possible, then ask a pharmacist or clinician which treatment is suitable for the person's age, pregnancy status, scalp condition, and previous treatment history. Follow the product instructions for application, washing, and repeat use; do not combine products unless advised. Wet-comb the hair methodically, wiping the comb after each pass. Check household members and close contacts, treating only those with live lice or clear guidance to do so. Wash recently used pillowcases, hats, and hair tools, and soak combs in hot water according to product or clinical advice. Avoid fumigant sprays.

Seek medical or pharmacy advice when live lice remain after correctly following treatment, the scalp has sores or pus, or a child is very young. Ask for help before treating during pregnancy, while breastfeeding, or when the scalp is severely irritated. Urgent assessment is appropriate for facial swelling, breathing difficulty, or a rapidly spreading rash after a product.

Ask how to confirm live lice, which product and repeat schedule fit your household, and whether persistent itching reflects irritation rather than treatment failure. Ask when school or work attendance is reasonable and how to handle a scalp infection from scratching.