Dysentery antibiotics for adults: what to know

Dysentery is diarrhoea containing blood or mucus, sometimes with cramps, fever or an urgent need to pass stool. Bacteria and parasites can cause it, and treatment differs between them. A clinician may ask about recent travel, food or water exposure, sick contacts and medicines. Testing a stool sample can help decide whether an antimicrobial is appropriate. Antibiotics do not treat every cause and using an unsuitable medicine can delay the right care or worsen diarrhoea.

Arrange prompt medical advice, particularly if blood is visible or fever is present. Drink frequent small amounts of water or an oral rehydration solution, and continue light foods as tolerated. Wash hands carefully after using the toilet and avoid preparing food for other people while unwell. Do not share leftover antibiotics or use anti-diarrhoeal medicine without advice when blood or fever is present. A clinician may prescribe an antibiotic after assessing the likely cause; complete the prescribed course unless told otherwise.

Seek urgent care for faintness, confusion, very little urine, inability to keep fluids down, severe or worsening abdominal pain, or heavy bleeding. Contact a clinician promptly for persistent bloody diarrhoea, high fever, or symptoms after international travel. Older adults, pregnant people, and anyone with reduced immunity or a long-term illness may become dehydrated more quickly and should seek advice early.

Ask whether a stool test is needed, what cause is suspected, whether an antibiotic is suitable, how to replace fluids, and when you can safely return to work or prepare food.