Dry cough with blood: what to know

Hard or repeated coughing can irritate small surface blood vessels in the throat or airways. Blood may also run from the nose or gums and be noticed when you cough. Respiratory infections such as Acute Bronchitis can inflame the airways, while Bronchiectasis may cause recurrent coughing and blood-streaked mucus. The appearance alone cannot identify the cause.

Note whether the blood is bright red, mixed with mucus, or accompanied by fever, chest pain, breathlessness, night sweats, or unexplained weight change. Tell the clinician about smoking, recent travel, blood-thinning medicines, and previous lung conditions.

Contact a clinician promptly, even if the amount seems small or the cough is otherwise dry. Avoid smoking and strenuous activity until you have advice. Do not stop prescribed blood thinners on your own, but mention them urgently. If possible, note when the bleeding began and whether it recurs; a photo can help describe the finding.

Call emergency services for more than a trace of blood, repeated or increasing bleeding, severe breathlessness, chest pain, fainting, confusion, or blue or grey lips. Seek same-day care for any new blood with fever, worsening cough, dizziness, or a known clotting or lung disorder. Children and frail adults need prompt professional advice.

Could the blood be from my throat, nose, or lungs? Do my medicines or medical history change the urgency, and what signs mean I should go straight to emergency care?