Does a stuffy nose cause loss of smell?

Smell depends on air reaching a small area at the top of the nasal cavity. Congestion from a common cold, allergic rhinitis, or sinus inflammation can interrupt that route. Food may also seem less flavorful because smell contributes strongly to flavor.

A reduced sense of smell can also occur without marked congestion, including with COVID-19 or after an infection. Persistent symptoms may need assessment for chronic sinusitis or Long COVID.

Rest, drink fluids, and avoid cigarette smoke and other irritants. Saline nasal spray or a gentle saline rinse may loosen mucus; use sterile, distilled, or previously boiled and cooled water for a rinse. Treat known allergies according to a clinician or pharmacist’s advice.

Do not push objects into the nose. If smell does not begin returning as congestion improves, arrange a medical review. A clinician can examine the nose and discuss whether testing or treatment is appropriate.

Seek urgent help for trouble breathing, swelling around the eye, severe headache with fever, confusion, or sudden neurological symptoms. Arrange prompt medical advice for severe facial pain, repeated nosebleeds, or symptoms that are worsening rather than settling.

Book a routine appointment if loss of smell continues after the blocked nose clears, keeps returning, or affects safety, such as noticing smoke or spoiled food.

Could allergies, sinus inflammation, or a recent infection explain my symptoms? Should I use a saline rinse or another nasal treatment? How long should I monitor the change in smell, and do I need an examination or smell testing?