Does sickle cell disease cause blood in urine?

Sickle-shaped red blood cells can affect small blood vessels in the kidney. This may irritate delicate tissue and allow blood to enter urine. The urine may look pink, red or brown, or blood may be found only on testing. The change may occur with or without pain.

Blood in urine can also result from a urinary infection, kidney stone, medicines or another kidney problem. Testing may include a urine sample, blood tests and assessment of kidney function. The result helps a clinician decide whether the symptom fits your known condition or needs a separate investigation.

Contact your sickle cell team or a clinician promptly when you notice blood in urine, even if it settles. Note its colour, duration, clots, pain, fever, changes in urination and recent medicines. Drink fluids according to your personalised care plan, and do not stop prescribed treatment without advice.

Seek emergency care for heavy bleeding, clots that obstruct urine, inability to pass urine, severe side or back pain, fever, fainting, marked weakness or symptoms of a sickle cell crisis. Urgent review is also needed if blood appears after an injury or occurs with reduced urine output.

Could the blood be related to sickle cell disease or another urinary problem? Which tests do I need? How much fluid is suitable for me, and what changes should trigger emergency care?