Does colposcopy treat vulval cancer?

The vulva is the external genital area, whereas the cervix is the lower part of the womb. Colposcopy uses magnification to inspect the cervix, often after an unusual cervical screening result. It may involve a cervical biopsy, but that does not assess every vulval lesion. A persistent sore, lump, skin change, bleeding area, or itching on the vulva needs a clinician to examine that specific area.

If vulval cancer is suspected, arrange an appointment with a clinician who can inspect the vulva and decide whether a vulval biopsy or other tests are appropriate. Treatment depends on the lesion and whether cancer is confirmed, and may include surgery or other specialist care. Do not delay an assessment because a cervical examination has already been completed. Bring a list of changes, their duration, and any products or medicines used on the skin.

Contact a clinician promptly for a vulval area that does not heal, a growing lump, unexplained bleeding, or persistent pain, itching, or burning. Seek urgent care for heavy bleeding, severe pain, fever, or rapidly worsening swelling. These warning signs need direct examination and cannot be evaluated by colposcopy alone.

Ask which area needs examination, whether a vulval biopsy is recommended, what the possible findings are, and which specialist will coordinate care. Ask how to protect irritated skin while waiting and which changes should prompt faster review.