Different Types of Knock Knees

Knock knees, or genu valgum, describe knees that angle inward so they come closer together when the legs are straight. In many children, leg alignment changes as they grow. A clinician considers age, symmetry, pain, walking pattern and whether the feet and hips move normally.

Flexible knock knees may look different when standing, walking or lying down. Persistent or marked alignment can affect comfort, balance or the way force travels through the knee. One-sided change, worsening alignment, short stature, pain, limp or difficulty keeping up with activities deserves assessment because the cause may not be simple development.

Arrange an examination if the alignment is painful, asymmetric, worsening or interfering with walking, running or daily activities. Bring notes about when it began, whether relatives have similar alignment, and which activities cause symptoms. A clinician may observe gait and joint movement and decide whether imaging is useful.

Many children need observation and reassurance rather than treatment. Paediatric physiotherapy can support movement skills, strength and activity confidence when a child has functional difficulties. Braces, exercises or surgery are not interchangeable solutions; the choice depends on growth, alignment and symptoms. An osteotomy is a bone-realignment operation considered only in selected situations.

Seek prompt assessment for sudden inability to walk, significant pain after an injury, a hot or swollen knee, fever, or a rapidly changing leg shape. Book a routine appointment for persistent one-sided knock knees, a limp, repeated falls, or symptoms that limit play or sport.

Ask whether the alignment fits the child’s stage of growth, whether both legs are affected equally, and whether observation or therapy is appropriate. Ask what changes should prompt review and, if surgery is mentioned, what problem it is intended to correct.