Difference between breakthrough bleeding and a period

A period begins as part of the usual cycle and may build from light flow before becoming heavier, then tapering. Breakthrough bleeding can happen between periods, after starting or changing hormonal contraception, or when doses are missed. It may look pink, red or brown and can be brief or intermittent. Bleeding after sex, during pregnancy, or after menopause has different implications and should be assessed rather than labelled from appearance alone.

Record when the bleeding began, how often you change a pad or liner, its colour, clots, pain and any contraception changes. Take a pregnancy test if pregnancy is possible. Do not stop prescribed contraception without advice; a clinician can check for medication effects, infection or growths such as endometrial polyps. Bleeding with pelvic pain, unusual discharge or pain during sex may need an examination for conditions including chlamydia.

Arrange prompt medical care for bleeding that is heavy, keeps returning, follows sex, occurs in pregnancy or starts after menopause. Seek urgent help for faintness, severe pelvic pain, shoulder-tip pain, breathlessness or bleeding that rapidly soaks pads. These symptoms need assessment for blood loss or pregnancy-related problems, regardless of whether the bleeding resembles a period.

Ask whether your pattern fits a contraception effect, whether pregnancy or infection testing is needed, and what amount or duration of bleeding should prompt a review. Bring your cycle dates and a list of medicines or contraception.