Diagnosing stable angina

A clinician asks when the discomfort starts, what activity brings it on, how long it lasts and what relieves it. Stable angina often follows a repeatable pattern during exertion or emotional strain and eases with rest. Describe pressure, tightness, heaviness or discomfort spreading to the arm, jaw, back or shoulder. Breathlessness, sweating or nausea can also be relevant.

The examination may include blood pressure, pulse, heart and lung checks. An electrocardiogram records the heart’s electrical activity, although a resting result may not explain symptoms. Depending on your risk factors and pattern, further imaging or testing may be arranged.

Arrange a clinical assessment for recurring exertional chest symptoms, particularly if you smoke, have diabetes, high blood pressure or a family history of heart disease. Keep a brief record of triggers, duration, severity and associated symptoms. Do not start or stop heart medicines without advice. Your clinician may discuss cholesterol treatment, blood pressure treatment and tests such as an electrocardiogram.

Call emergency services immediately for chest discomfort that is severe, new, worsening, prolonged or present at rest, or if it comes with marked breathlessness, fainting, cold sweating, confusion or a feeling of impending collapse. Do not drive yourself. Even if symptoms settle, urgent assessment is needed when the pattern has changed.

Ask which features make your symptoms more or less consistent with angina, which test is planned first, what activity is safe while you wait, and which warning signs should prompt emergency help. Ask how prescribed medicines should be used and whether blood pressure or cholesterol needs review.