Can a DEXA scan show cancer?

The scan uses low-dose X-rays to compare the mineral content of selected bones, commonly the hip and lower spine. Its report may describe bone density as expected, lower than expected, or consistent with osteoporosis. An unusual density result does not identify a tumour, and a normal result does not rule out every bone or medical problem. Cancer assessment uses the history, examination, blood tests and imaging chosen for the concern, such as targeted X-rays, CT, MRI or other testing.

Read the report with the clinician who requested it, especially if the scan was arranged because of a fracture, long-term steroid treatment, hormonal changes or another risk factor. Ask which bones were measured and whether the result changes your exercise, nutrition, fall-prevention or treatment plan. If you are worried about a symptom that prompted the question, describe its location, timing and progression; a separate assessment may be needed. Learn more about the [DEXA Scanner](/technology/dexa-scanner/) and [Bone Density Scan](/treatments/diagnostics-and-screening/bone-density-scan/).

Arrange medical review for persistent unexplained bone pain, a new lump, repeated fractures, unexplained weight change, or symptoms that are worsening. Seek urgent help after a major injury, sudden severe back pain with weakness or numbness, or loss of bladder or bowel control. These symptoms need clinical assessment regardless of the DEXA result.

What does my bone-density result show? Which areas were scanned? Do I need another test for the concern I have? When should my bone health be checked again?