What is whooping cough?

Whooping cough often begins like a mild upper-airway illness, with a runny nose and an irritating cough. The cough can then become forceful and occur in repeated bursts. The characteristic whoop may be absent, especially in babies, vaccinated people, and adults. Infants may instead pause breathing, feed poorly, or become blue around the lips. Fever can occur but may be mild or absent.

The infection spreads through droplets and close contact. A person can pass it to others before the cough sounds distinctive, which is why prompt medical advice matters when symptoms persist or intensify.

Arrange a clinical assessment for a cough that comes in repeated fits, causes vomiting, or lasts longer than expected. Take prescribed antibiotic treatment exactly as directed; it may reduce spread and is most useful when started early. Rest, take suitable fluids, and avoid smoke or other airway irritants. Keep babies and other vulnerable household members away from close contact until a clinician explains when transmission risk has fallen.

Call emergency services for pauses in breathing, blue or grey lips, severe difficulty breathing, unusual drowsiness, choking, or inability to keep fluids down. Babies with a cough should be assessed promptly, particularly if feeding changes or breathing becomes irregular. Seek same-day advice for repeated vomiting, worsening exhaustion, or a cough that is rapidly becoming more intense.

Ask whether testing is needed, when it is safe to return to school or work, and whether close contacts need preventive treatment. Check that children have received recommended childhood immunisation and ask which breathing signs require emergency help.