How does dengue fever spread?

Dengue fever is mainly spread when an infected Aedes mosquito bites a person and passes on the dengue virus. The mosquito becomes infected after feeding on the blood of someone who has dengue, then can transmit the virus during a later bite. These mosquitoes can bite during the day as well as around dawn and dusk.

Dengue does not normally spread through casual contact such as sitting beside someone, sharing food, or breathing the same air. The practical concern is preventing mosquitoes from biting a person who may be infected, because those mosquitoes could then pass the virus to others. A person with dengue may develop fever, headache, muscle aches, joint pain or chills; easy bruising can also occur. These symptoms can have other causes, so they do not confirm dengue on their own.

Use mosquito repellent as directed, wear clothing that covers the arms and legs, and use screens, air conditioning or a mosquito net where available. Empty or cover containers that hold still water around the home, including plant saucers and open buckets, because they can provide breeding sites. If you have suspected or confirmed dengue, take extra care to avoid mosquito bites while you are unwell and arrange a GP Consultation for assessment.

Arrange medical advice for a fever after possible mosquito exposure, especially if it comes with severe headache, marked muscle or joint aches, or unusual bruising. Seek urgent care for severe abdominal pain, repeated vomiting, bleeding from the nose or gums, blood in vomit or stool, breathing difficulty, unusual sleepiness or restlessness, or cold, clammy skin. Warning signs may appear as the fever improves, so worsening symptoms still need prompt attention.

Ask which tests may help identify dengue, what fluids and medicines are suitable for your symptoms, and which pain relievers to avoid if bleeding is a concern. Tell the clinician where you have travelled or lived, when the fever began, whether you have noticed a rash or bruising, and whether anyone else nearby has been ill.