Why does cradle cap happen?

A baby’s scalp can produce oil that holds shed skin cells against the surface. Normal yeast that lives on skin may also contribute to the oily scale and mild irritation. This process produces patches that look flaky, greasy, or crusted. Cradle cap is not an infection caused by dirt, and it is not something a parent has caused. It may be most noticeable on the scalp but can involve the eyebrows, eyelids, ears, or folds.

Use gentle shampoo and lukewarm water, massaging with fingertips rather than fingernails. If scale is firmly attached, apply a thin layer of a suitable emollient before washing, allow it to soften, and brush very gently. Remove loosened flakes during washing. Avoid essential oils, fragranced products, and scraping. If the rash persists or is widespread, a clinician may recommend topical antifungal treatment or another medicine chosen for an infant’s skin.

Have the rash assessed if it becomes bright red, tender, wet, swollen, or cracked, or if your baby seems unwell. Medical advice is also sensible when it spreads beyond the usual areas or continues despite careful washing and softening. Prompt review helps distinguish cradle cap from infection, eczema, or another inflammatory rash.

What features support cradle cap in my baby? How often should I wash the scalp? Is an emollient appropriate, and when would you consider a medicated treatment?