COVID symptom: loss of smell

A viral infection may affect the smell-sensing lining inside the nose or interrupt how odours reach it. You may notice reduced smell, a distorted smell, or less flavour because smell contributes to flavour. Allergic rhinitis, a common cold, chronic sinusitis, and other nasal problems can also reduce smell. Loss of smell alone cannot confirm COVID-19.

Recovery varies. Improvement may be gradual, and some people notice unusual odours as the sense returns. Tell a clinician if the change is persistent, severe, or associated with other neurological or nasal symptoms.

Check food dates carefully and use a working smoke alarm and gas safety alarm because odours may not alert you to danger. Keep eating regular nourishing meals even if food seems bland. Saline nasal rinses may help congestion for some people when used with safe water and clean equipment; ask a pharmacist if unsure. Do not put strong chemicals inside the nose.

Seek urgent help for loss of smell with sudden weakness, facial drooping, trouble speaking, severe headache, confusion, or breathing difficulty. Arrange a medical review if smell does not return as expected, becomes distorted and distressing, follows a head injury, or occurs with persistent blocked nose, facial pain, or discharge. A clinician can assess the nose, sinuses, and other possible causes.

Ask whether your pattern fits COVID-19, allergies, or sinus disease; whether nasal treatment is suitable; and when ongoing symptoms should be assessed by an ear, nose, and throat clinician.