Common cold sneezing and runny nose

Early in a cold, nasal fluid is often clear and watery. The nose may then feel blocked as its lining swells, while mucus becomes thicker as the illness changes. A runny nose can drip backwards and irritate the throat, leading to a cough. Allergies may cause repeated sneezing and watery discharge without the same general unwell feeling. Sinusitis is more concerning when congestion is paired with facial pain, pressure, or symptoms that worsen after initial improvement.

Blow your nose gently, one side at a time, and use soft tissues to protect irritated skin. Saline spray or drops can loosen mucus. Drink regularly and rest; warm drinks may soothe a throat irritated by drainage. Wash hands after wiping or blowing your nose, and clean frequently touched surfaces. A pharmacist can advise on suitable treatments, including options for congestion, while considering your age, pregnancy, and other medicines.

Arrange a clinical review if nasal symptoms are severe, persist without improvement, or interfere with sleep and drinking. Seek advice for facial swelling, significant facial pain, earache, worsening cough, or a new high temperature. Emergency help is needed for severe breathing trouble, throat swelling, blue lips, or marked drowsiness.

Ask whether your symptoms fit a cold, allergy, or sinus problem, and which nasal treatments are appropriate. Tell the clinician about symptom timing, known triggers, facial pain, ear symptoms, medicines, and any breathing change.