Chronic kidney disease stage 5: what to know

At this stage, the kidneys may struggle to remove waste, balance fluids and minerals, and support healthy blood production. Symptoms can include nausea, itching, swelling, breathlessness, poor appetite, sleep changes, confusion, or pronounced fatigue, though experiences differ. A kidney team uses symptoms, blood and urine results, fluid status, and your preferences to discuss options. These may include dialysis, a kidney transplant assessment when appropriate, or a carefully supported non-dialysis approach.

Keep specialist appointments and ask for a written plan covering medicines, food, fluids, symptom relief, and who to call. Review every medicine and supplement, including products bought without a prescription. If dialysis may be suitable, ask early about the types, access planning, training, and how treatment fits daily life. Discuss transplant assessment, supportive care, and your personal priorities with the people involved in your care.

Get urgent medical help for severe breathlessness, chest pain, confusion, collapse, a seizure, or inability to keep fluids or prescribed medicines down. Contact the kidney team promptly for a sudden drop in urine, rapidly increasing swelling, repeated vomiting, severe weakness, or new drowsiness. Do not wait for a routine appointment when symptoms change quickly.

What treatment options fit my health and priorities? When should preparation for dialysis or transplant assessment begin? What fluid and food limits apply to me? Which symptoms mean I should call the kidney team immediately? How will anaemia, gout, itching, pain, or restless legs symptoms be treated?