What should you know about cholera introduction?

After the bacteria are swallowed, they can produce a toxin in the small intestine. This draws water and salts into the bowel, leading to sudden, large-volume watery stools and sometimes vomiting. Some infected people have mild illness or no symptoms, while others lose fluid rapidly. A symptom does not by itself identify the cause, but severe watery diarrhoea needs prompt attention because dehydration can affect circulation and kidney function.

Transmission is reduced by safe drinking water, sanitation, handwashing, and careful food preparation. More information about [Diarrhoea](/symptoms/diarrhoea/) can help you recognise concerning changes.

Use safe water for drinking, cooking, brushing teeth, and making ice. Wash hands with soap and keep food covered. If illness starts, take small frequent sips of a suitable rehydration solution, even if stools continue, and contact a healthcare professional. [Oral Rehydration Therapy](/treatments/acute-and-urgent-care/oral-rehydration-therapy/) replaces water and salts while further care is arranged.

Seek urgent care for inability to drink, ongoing vomiting, severe weakness, dizziness on standing, confusion, fainting, sunken eyes, or very little urine. Do not wait for thirst to become severe. When fluid loss is substantial or drinking is not possible, clinicians may give [IV Fluid Therapy](/treatments/acute-and-urgent-care/iv-fluid-therapy/) and monitor recovery.

Ask how much fluid to take, whether testing or treatment is needed, how to protect people sharing your home, and which warning signs require immediate return.