Can melanoma cause brain metastases?

This does not mean that every person with melanoma will develop brain involvement. The likelihood and the need for brain imaging depend on the melanoma's stage, symptoms, previous results, and the treatment plan.

A brain metastasis begins when melanoma cells travel from the original tumour to the brain. It is still melanoma, not a new primary brain cancer. Doctors may use a neurological examination and brain imaging to look for the number, size, and location of any lesions.

Possible effects vary with the part of the brain involved. They can include a new or worsening headache, weakness or numbness, problems with balance, changes in vision or speech, confusion, unusual drowsiness, or a seizure. Some lesions are found on planned imaging before they cause noticeable symptoms.

Tell your oncology team promptly about any new neurological symptom, even if it seems mild or comes and goes. They can decide whether you need an examination, brain imaging, or assessment for another possible cause.

If brain metastases are confirmed, care is tailored to the findings and your overall health. Options may include focused radiation, surgery for selected lesions, medicines that work throughout the body, corticosteroids to reduce swelling, or a combination. Do not start or stop steroids, anti-seizure medicines, or cancer treatment without instructions from your treating team.

Call emergency services for a first seizure, loss of consciousness, sudden weakness on one side, a sudden speech problem, severe confusion, or a sudden intense headache. These symptoms require urgent assessment regardless of their cause.

Contact the oncology team urgently for a worsening headache, repeated vomiting, increasing sleepiness, new balance trouble, or a clear change in behaviour. Avoid driving yourself if vision, awareness, strength, or coordination is affected.

Ask whether your symptoms or melanoma stage make brain imaging appropriate, which scan is being recommended, and when results will be available. If a lesion is found, ask how its location affects treatment choices, which specialists will be involved, and which changes should trigger an emergency visit.