Can actinic keratosis cause squamous cell carcinoma?

Actinic keratosis is a rough, scaly area caused by cumulative ultraviolet exposure. It often appears on sun-exposed skin such as the face, ears, scalp, forearms, or backs of the hands. A lesion may feel rough before it is easy to see. Squamous cell carcinoma is a skin cancer arising from abnormal surface skin cells. An actinic keratosis is not the same as cancer, but it signals sun-related cell damage and should not be ignored.

Book a skin assessment for a persistent, changing, thickening, tender, or repeatedly crusting rough patch. Do not peel or burn it yourself. A clinician may examine the area closely and decide whether observation, a prescription treatment, a procedure, or a small sample is appropriate. Protect the area from further ultraviolet exposure with shade, clothing, and sunscreen used as directed. Learn more about [Squamous Cell Carcinoma](/conditions/squamous-cell-carcinoma/).

Arrange prompt medical review if a rough patch becomes thicker, painful, bleeds, forms an ulcer, or grows despite care. Seek urgent attention for heavy bleeding that does not stop with firm pressure. Multiple rough areas, a history of skin cancer, or medicines that weaken immune function are also reasons to discuss a regular skin-check plan.

Ask whether the lesion looks like actinic keratosis or needs sampling, what treatment options suit its location, and how to check your skin between visits. Ask how to protect exposed areas from ultraviolet light and when the area should be reassessed.