Bronchitis and sneezing: what to know

Sneezing is a protective reflex that clears irritants from the nose. A cold can cause sneezing, runny nose, throat irritation and cough; bronchitis affects the lower airways and can follow that infection. Allergic rhinitis, pet allergy and house dust mite allergy commonly cause bouts of sneezing with an itchy nose, watery eyes or symptoms linked to a place or exposure. Sneezing by itself cannot distinguish infection from allergy. Note whether symptoms are seasonal, occur around animals or dust, or come with fever and body aches.

Rest and drink fluids while respiratory symptoms settle. Cover your nose and mouth when sneezing, wash your hands, and improve ventilation around others. Saline spray may soothe nasal irritation. Reduce exposure to smoke, dust, pets or fragrances if these trigger symptoms. A pharmacist can advise whether allergy medication is appropriate for you, taking account of pregnancy, age, medical conditions and other medicines. Do not use someone else’s prescription treatment.

Get urgent help for severe breathing difficulty, swelling of the lips or tongue, fainting, confusion, blue or grey lips, or chest pain. Arrange a clinical review if wheezing develops, the cough is worsening, fever persists, or sneezing and nasal symptoms repeatedly disturb sleep or daily activities. An assessment can separate allergy symptoms from infection and guide treatment.

Do my symptoms fit an allergy, a cold or both? Should I try allergy medication, and for how long? Could wheezing suggest asthma? What symptoms would require urgent care?