Bordetella pertussis disease: what it is and what to do

The bacteria irritate the breathing tubes. Early symptoms may include a runny nose, tiredness, and little or no [Fever](/symptoms/fever/). Later, coughing attacks may occur repeatedly, with a noisy breath in, gagging, vomiting, or exhaustion afterwards. A cough can remain troublesome while the airways heal.

Babies and people with health conditions affecting breathing can become seriously unwell. In infants, pauses in breathing or feeding difficulty may be more noticeable than a whoop.

Arrange prompt clinical assessment for a persistent or explosive cough, especially after close contact with a known case. Rest, drink small amounts often, avoid smoke, and keep air moving indoors. Use the treatment prescribed for you; antibiotics may reduce spread but are not an instant cough cure.

Follow advice about staying away from school, work, or vulnerable relatives. See [Whooping Cough](/conditions/whooping-cough/) and [Childhood Immunisation](/treatments/preventive-care-and-vaccination/childhood-immunisation/) for related information.

Call emergency services for severe breathing trouble, blue or grey lips, repeated breathing pauses, collapse, confusion, or inability to drink. Seek prompt medical review for worsening cough, repeated vomiting, reduced urination, or unusual sleepiness.

Ask whether testing is needed, how to reduce spread at home, whether contacts need assessment, and what breathing or hydration changes should trigger urgent review.