Body aches and pains all over: what to know

Aching across several areas may occur when the immune system responds to an infection such as Influenza, COVID-19, dengue fever, malaria or brucellosis. It can also follow unfamiliar exercise, prolonged sitting, dehydration or disrupted sleep. Pain that persists without an obvious trigger may need assessment for Fibromyalgia or Hypothyroidism. Note whether the discomfort is in muscles, joints or both, and whether fever, rash, cough, bowel symptoms or weakness appeared first.

Rest from strenuous activity, drink fluids regularly and use gentle movement if it does not increase pain. A warm shower or heat pack may ease muscle tension. Keep a short record of when the aches began, where they occur, your temperature if you feel feverish, recent travel, insect bites, new medicines and anyone around you who is unwell. A pharmacist can check whether an over-the-counter pain reliever is suitable with your medical conditions and medicines.

Seek urgent help for severe breathing difficulty, chest pressure, confusion, fainting, a stiff neck with fever, new one-sided weakness, or inability to keep fluids down. Arrange a prompt clinical review for a high or persistent fever, a spreading rash, yellowing of the skin, dark urine, marked weakness, or aches after travel to an area where malaria occurs. Book an appointment when symptoms keep returning, interfere with sleep or function, or do not start settling.

Ask which features point toward an infection or a muscle problem, whether you need an examination or blood tests, and which warning signs should change your plan. Tell the clinician about travel, exercise, sleep changes, medicines and any fever or rash.