What should you know about bloating and loss of appetite?

Gastroenteritis, influenza and COVID-19 may reduce appetite while causing nausea, fever or bowel changes. Gastritis and peptic ulcer can irritate the stomach lining and make meals uncomfortable. Depression may alter appetite and digestion. Hepatitis A can present with appetite loss, nausea, tiredness or jaundice. Pancreatic cancer can present with appetite loss and digestive symptoms, but these symptoms are not specific and commonly have less serious explanations.

Take small, frequent sips of fluid and choose modest portions of simple foods if tolerated. Keep a brief record of meals, bloating, bowel movements, pain, fever and any weight change. Review new medicines with a clinician rather than stopping prescribed treatment yourself. Arrange an appointment if appetite remains low, eating becomes difficult, or bloating keeps returning.

Seek urgent help for severe or worsening abdominal pain, repeated vomiting, a swollen and rigid abdomen, black or bloody stools, yellow skin or eyes, fainting, confusion, or inability to keep fluids down. Prompt review is also sensible when symptoms are persistent, because dehydration and inadequate nutrition can develop gradually.

Ask what pattern your symptoms suggest, whether you need an abdominal examination or tests, and how to maintain fluids and nutrition. Mention recent travel, infections, alcohol, medicines, mood changes and any family history of digestive disease.