What should you know about black loose stool causes?

Loose stool moves through the bowel faster than formed stool. Iron and bismuth-containing medicines can make it black, while foods with deep colouring can do the same for a short time. Black, sticky, foul-smelling stool may instead be melaena, formed when blood is digested in the stomach or upper small intestine. Gastritis and peptic ulcer disease can cause bleeding in that area. Helicobacter pylori infection can contribute to irritation and ulcer formation. Colour and looseness do not identify the cause alone, so associated symptoms and recent exposures matter.

Write down when the stool changed, whether it is sticky or watery, and any new food, supplement, or medicine. Sip fluids if you can drink normally, especially after repeated loose stools. Contact a healthcare professional promptly if the black colour is unexplained, persists, or has a tar-like quality. Mention anti-inflammatory pain medicines, stomach symptoms, prior ulcers, and any recent treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. Do not stop prescribed medicines without advice.

Seek emergency care for black loose stool with fainting, worsening light-headedness, marked weakness, confusion, breathlessness, severe abdominal pain, or vomiting blood. Urgent help is also needed when repeated stool loss prevents drinking, urine becomes unusually scarce, or you cannot stay awake normally. These features may point to bleeding or significant fluid loss. If weakness or dizziness is present, avoid driving and ask another person to stay with you while help is arranged.

Could my medicine or food explain the colour? Does this sound like melaena? Should I be evaluated for gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, or Helicobacter pylori infection? What fluid replacement is appropriate for me?