Basal cell carcinoma on the face

These cancers frequently develop on sun-exposed facial skin. They can extend beyond the edge visible to the eye, particularly around the nose, eyelids, ears and lips. A clinician balances tumour clearance with protection of nearby structures and preservation of function and appearance.

A facial basal cell carcinoma may be a translucent bump with fine surface vessels, a scaly patch, a recurring scab or an ulcer. Some are subtle and resemble a scar. The condition mainly grows locally, yet delay can allow it to involve cartilage, muscle, nerves or structures near the eye.

Biopsy confirms the diagnosis and subtype. Treatment planning considers whether the border is clear, whether the tumour has returned, and how an operation could affect eyelid closure, nasal airflow, lip movement or ear shape. Mohs surgery may be offered for selected facial tumours because tissue is checked at the edges during the procedure while unaffected skin is conserved.

Arrange dermatology review for a facial sore or patch that does not settle. Before the appointment, list medicines that affect bleeding or immunity, previous procedures at the site and any allergies to dressings. Continue prescribed medicines unless the treating clinician gives specific instructions to change them.

Ask how the wound may be repaired after removal. Depending on its position and size, it may heal naturally or be closed with stitches, a skin flap or a graft. Complex areas can involve coordination with a reconstructive, eye, ear-nose-throat or maxillofacial specialist. Afterward, follow wound-care directions and protect the healing scar from strong sunlight.

Seek prompt assessment for a facial lesion that grows, repeatedly crusts or bleeds, becomes ulcerated, or causes numbness. Changes near an eye deserve timely review if they disturb vision or eyelid movement. Following surgery, contact the clinical team for uncontrolled bleeding, increasing swelling that affects sight or breathing, spreading redness, pus or fever.

Ask which removal method offers suitable margin control, who will perform the repair and where the scar is expected to lie. Clarify whether function could be temporarily affected, how to clean and dress the wound, when pathology results will be discussed, and what surveillance is advised for the treated site and surrounding skin.