Breathing problems during anaphylaxis

Do not wait for a rash or for symptoms to become more severe. Use the person's adrenaline auto-injector as directed, call local emergency services, and follow the person's emergency plan.

Anaphylaxis can cause swelling in the throat or tongue, narrowing of the airways, or both. Warning signs include noisy or difficult breathing, wheezing, a hoarse voice, trouble swallowing, persistent coughing, chest tightness, or an inability to speak normally.

A person may also become pale, dizzy, confused, or suddenly weak because the reaction can affect circulation as well as the airway. Skin changes may be absent, so breathing or circulation symptoms after a possible allergen exposure must be taken seriously.

Give adrenaline into the outer thigh without delay if anaphylaxis is suspected. Call emergency services even if symptoms improve, because further assessment and observation may be needed. If symptoms continue and the care plan directs another dose, use the second auto-injector when instructed.

Keep the person lying down with legs raised if tolerated. If breathing is very difficult, allow a supported sitting position with legs extended; do not let them stand or walk. If unconscious and breathing, place them on their side. Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation if they are not breathing normally.

Call emergency services immediately for sudden throat tightness, tongue swelling, wheezing, struggling to breathe, blue or grey lips, collapse, faintness, or confusion after a possible trigger. Do not drive the affected person yourself if an ambulance is available.

After recovery, arrange follow-up to review likely triggers, auto-injector technique, medicine expiry dates, and a written action plan. This preparation does not replace emergency assessment during a reaction.

Ask which breathing changes should prompt adrenaline, how to position the body safely, when a further dose may be needed, and whether asthma control could complicate recognition of an allergic emergency. Request a demonstration using a trainer device and a written plan for home, work, or school.