Alcohol and heat exhaustion

Alcohol can promote fluid loss and reduce awareness of thirst, fatigue, headache, or dizziness. It may also affect balance and decision-making, which can delay moving to shade or stopping exertion. Heat exhaustion develops when the body struggles with heat and fluid loss; heavy sweating, weakness, nausea, cool clammy skin, and a fast pulse can occur. Alcohol intoxication and heat illness can look similar, so do not assume confusion or poor coordination is caused only by drinking.

Stop drinking alcohol and physical activity. Move the person into air conditioning or shade, loosen unnecessary clothing, and cool the skin with wet cloths, mist, or a fan. If the person is fully awake and can swallow safely, offer frequent sips of cool water or an oral rehydration drink. Stay with them, watch their breathing and alertness, and do not let them drive.

Call emergency services if the person becomes confused, collapses, has a seizure, cannot drink safely, has very hot skin, or loses consciousness. These features can signal heat stroke, which requires emergency treatment. Arrange prompt medical assessment if vomiting prevents fluid intake, symptoms worsen despite cooling, or the person has heart or kidney disease. Place an unconscious but breathing person on their side while help is coming, and do not give anything by mouth.

Ask whether your medicines affect hydration, sweating, alertness, or heat tolerance. A clinician can also explain how to replace fluids safely if you have a condition that limits fluid or salt intake, and when repeated dizziness, dark urine, or excessive thirst needs further assessment.