Affirm upright breast biopsy: what to expect

The breast is held in position, images locate the target, and a needle removes small tissue samples for pathology. The procedure can investigate findings such as calcifications or an area that is difficult to assess by examination alone.

The imaging unit takes views from different angles and calculates the target's position within the breast. After cleaning the skin and giving local anaesthetic, the clinician makes a small opening and advances the sampling needle to the planned location. Images may confirm its position before tissue is collected.

A small marker may be left at the sampled area so it can be identified on future images. The samples then go to a pathology laboratory. Being referred for biopsy means an imaging finding needs tissue assessment; the referral itself does not determine whether the finding is cancerous.

Tell the biopsy team about blood-thinning medicines, bleeding problems, allergies, pregnancy or the possibility of pregnancy, and any difficulty sitting upright or keeping still. Do not stop prescribed medicine unless the clinician responsible for it gives specific instructions. Wear clothing that makes the breast area easy to access.

After sampling, pressure and a dressing help control bleeding. Follow the written advice about bathing, exercise and dressing care. Mild bruising, tenderness and a small amount of swelling can occur; a wrapped cold pack may help if the clinic recommends it. Arrange to receive the pathology result and learn who will explain it.

Call the biopsy service promptly if bleeding continues despite firm pressure, swelling is expanding, pain is worsening rather than settling, or the site develops spreading redness, warmth, pus or foul-smelling fluid. Fever or feeling increasingly unwell also warrants clinical advice. Seek urgent care for heavy bleeding, fainting, severe weakness or trouble breathing.

Ask which imaging finding will be targeted, why an upright approach was selected and whether a marker will be placed. Clarify medicine instructions, expected positioning, how discomfort will be managed, when normal activities can resume, when results are expected and what happens if the sample does not fully explain the imaging finding.