Acid reflux during the first trimester

This may cause burning behind the breastbone, a sour taste, burping, or food and fluid rising into the throat. Symptoms can occur after eating, when bending, or when lying down.

Hormonal changes can loosen the ring of muscle between the oesophagus and stomach. Stomach contents can then travel upwards more easily, while slower movement through the digestive system may add fullness or nausea. Reflux is uncomfortable, but ordinary heartburn does not by itself indicate a problem with the pregnancy.

Some people notice that rich, spicy, acidic, or fatty foods trigger symptoms, while others react to caffeine, large meals, or eating close to bedtime. A personal pattern is more useful than avoiding every possible trigger.

Try smaller meals, eat slowly, and remain upright after food. Leave time between the evening meal and lying down. If symptoms disturb sleep, raise the head and upper chest with a wedge or by elevating the head of the bed; simply stacking pillows may bend the abdomen and worsen pressure. Loose clothing around the waist may also help.

If these changes are not enough, ask a pharmacist, GP, obstetric clinician, or midwife about an antacid or alginate that is suitable during pregnancy. Mention all medicines and supplements you take because antacids can affect how some products are absorbed. Do not start a remedy labelled for indigestion without checking its ingredients and pregnancy directions.

Arrange a clinical review if reflux is frequent, keeps waking you, makes swallowing painful or difficult, causes repeated vomiting, or continues despite suitable self-care. A clinician can distinguish reflux from other causes and recommend a pregnancy-compatible treatment.

Seek urgent medical help for severe or persistent chest pain, chest pressure with breathlessness, vomiting blood, black stools, fainting, severe abdominal pain, or being unable to keep fluids down. Contact your maternity service promptly if pain occurs with vaginal bleeding or other pregnancy concerns.

You could ask whether your symptom pattern fits reflux, whether any current medicine or supplement may aggravate it, which non-prescription products are appropriate in pregnancy, and what treatment is available if symptoms persist. Also describe where the discomfort occurs, its relation to meals, and whether you have vomiting or difficulty swallowing.