Abdominal ultrasound for the gallbladder

It uses sound waves through the skin and does not use ionising radiation. Results are considered alongside the site and timing of pain, examination findings, and blood tests.

The scan can show stones within the gallbladder, whether the gallbladder is enlarged, thickening of its wall, fluid around it, and widening of visible bile ducts. The sonographer may also check whether gentle pressure with the probe reproduces focal tenderness.

These features help the clinician assess gallstones, inflammation, and possible obstruction, but a finding does not always explain the symptoms. Small stones in the bile duct can be difficult to see, and bowel gas or body anatomy may limit the view. Further imaging may be advised when concern remains.

Follow the centre's eating and drinking instructions. Fasting is often requested because eating makes the gallbladder contract and can reduce visibility. Ask for tailored instructions if you have diabetes, need food with medication, are pregnant, or cannot fast safely.

During the scan, gel is placed on the upper abdomen and the probe is moved across the skin while you change position or hold your breath briefly. Afterwards, the formal report goes to the requesting clinician, who can explain whether observation, medication, another scan, or surgical assessment is appropriate.

Seek urgent care for severe or persistent upper abdominal pain, especially with fever, shaking chills, yellow eyes or skin, confusion, fainting, repeated vomiting, dark urine, or pale stools. These features can accompany infection or blocked bile flow and should not wait for a routine ultrasound appointment.

Ask whether stones were seen, whether the gallbladder wall and bile ducts looked abnormal, whether blood tests suggest inflammation or obstruction, and whether another form of imaging is needed. Clarify what to do if the pain returns and which symptoms require emergency care.