Why is sterile wound dressing used in wound care and dressing?

A wound dressing separates an injury from hands, clothing and environmental dirt. Depending on its design, it can take up blood or fluid, keep the wound from becoming overly dry, or prevent the surface from adhering to the cover. Sterility matters when the dressing is first placed because the wound may have a break in the skin barrier. The right choice also depends on wound depth, drainage, location and whether the surrounding skin is fragile.

Wash your hands before and after touching the wound or its cover. Prepare the new dressing before removing the old one, then avoid touching the side that will contact the wound. Follow the clinician's instructions for cleansing and replacement. If a dressing becomes soaked, dirty, loose or causes rubbing, it may need attention sooner. Do not put antiseptics, powders or antibiotic creams into a wound unless a healthcare professional has advised their use.

Arrange prompt assessment if bleeding does not stop with steady pressure, the wound edges are widely separated, or there is a bite, puncture, embedded object or contaminated injury. Seek care for spreading redness, warmth, swelling, worsening tenderness, cloudy discharge, a bad smell, fever or feeling unwell. A wound on the face, hand, foot or near a joint can need particular attention because function and appearance may be affected.

Ask what type of dressing has been selected, how often to change it, whether showering is allowed, and whether you should keep the wound covered between changes. It is also useful to ask about tetanus protection and signs that the wound is not healing as expected.