Why is an inactivated vaccine used in flu vaccination?

The influenza virus material in an inactivated vaccine has been processed so it cannot multiply in your body. Your immune system responds to the recognised components and can form a response that may help it react when exposed to influenza later.

Flu vaccines are designed for influenza and do not prevent every cause of cough, fever or sore throat. A person can also become ill with influenza before their immune response has developed, or encounter a strain that differs from the vaccine components.

Tell the vaccinator about a severe allergic reaction to a previous flu vaccine or any vaccine ingredient, your current illness, and medicines or treatments that affect your immunity. They can advise whether the vaccine is suitable and whether it should be given at that visit.

Mild soreness, redness or swelling at the injection site can occur. Rest, fluids and the aftercare advice from your clinician can help you manage minor symptoms. Keep a note of any reaction that you want to discuss.

Get urgent medical help for difficulty breathing, swelling of the lips, tongue or throat, widespread hives, severe weakness or collapse after vaccination. Seek clinical advice if fever or other symptoms are worsening, unusual for you, or causing concern.

Ask whether the inactivated flu vaccine is appropriate for your health circumstances, what side effects to watch for, and when you can resume normal activities. If you are pregnant, have a long-term condition, or have reduced immunity, ask for advice tailored to your situation.