Why can uterine fibroids cause trouble getting pregnant?

A fibroid that grows toward the inside of the uterus may alter the space where an embryo would implant. A fibroid near a fallopian tube can affect the passage between the ovary and uterus. Fibroids may also change uterine movement or contribute to heavy bleeding and discomfort. Many people with fibroids conceive without treatment, so size, number, location, symptoms, and other fertility factors all need consideration.

Difficulty conceiving has many possible causes involving either partner. Finding a fibroid does not show that it is the sole reason for delayed pregnancy.

Tell a clinician how long you have been trying, whether periods are heavy or painful, and whether you have had prior pregnancy or pelvic procedures. Assessment may include a pelvic examination, ultrasound, and fertility tests for both partners. Ask how a proposed fibroid treatment could affect the uterus, timing, and future pregnancy plans.

Seek a fertility review when pregnancy has not occurred after a period of trying that concerns you, or sooner if you have known fibroids, irregular cycles, severe pain, or previous pelvic surgery. Seek urgent care for severe pelvic pain, fainting, or heavy bleeding with weakness.

Ask whether a fibroid changes the uterine cavity or lies near a tube, what tests can show its effect, and whether observation or treatment fits your goals. Discuss timing, alternatives, and recovery before making a decision.