Why does endometriosis cause pain during sex?

Endometriosis can affect tissue around the vagina, cervix, uterus, ovaries, bowel, or pelvic lining. Inflammation may make these areas more sensitive, while scar tissue can reduce normal movement between organs. Deeper penetration may press on an affected area and cause sharp, aching, or deep pelvic pain. Some people also notice pain after sex, painful periods, bowel symptoms, or urinary discomfort. Pain during sex has other possible causes, so the symptom alone does not confirm endometriosis.

Stop or change activity when pain begins; continuing through pain can make intimacy harder to manage. You may find shallower penetration, different positions, slower pacing, and lubricant more comfortable. Keep a record of where the pain occurs, when it happens in your cycle, and whether it continues afterward. A gynaecology assessment can explore endometriosis, pelvic-floor muscle tension, infection, dryness, or other causes. Mention fertility goals when discussing treatment.

Arrange medical care when pain is persistent, worsening, or affecting intimacy, relationships, or daily life. Seek urgent help for severe sudden pelvic pain, fever, fainting, heavy bleeding, or pain with a positive pregnancy test.

Could the location and timing of my pain fit endometriosis? Could pelvic-floor therapy help? Which examinations or scans are useful, and what treatments suit my symptoms and pregnancy plans?