Which specialist treats vulvar cancer?

The gynaecological oncologist examines the vulva, arranges or reviews a biopsy, assesses nearby lymph nodes and explains treatment choices. Surgery may remove the tumour and, when needed, nearby tissue or lymph nodes. A radiation oncologist may plan radiotherapy before or after surgery, or when an operation is not suitable. Nursing, wound-care, sexual-health and psychological support can be part of care.

A new vulvar lump or persistent itching can result from many conditions. A [New Lump or Swelling](/symptoms/new-lump-or-swelling/) or [Persistent Itching](/symptoms/persistent-itching/) should be checked if it does not settle; the symptom alone does not diagnose cancer.

Ask for referral to a gynaecological oncology service. Bring previous examination or biopsy reports, a medicine list and notes about itching, pain, skin change, bleeding or a lump. Ask whether the examination requires a biopsy and how results will be explained.

Treatment may include [Tumour Removal Surgery](/treatments/surgical-oncology/tumour-removal-surgery/) or [Radiotherapy](/treatments/radiation-oncology/radiotherapy/). Discuss wound healing, mobility, urination, sexual comfort and how the team will protect healthy tissue as far as possible.

Arrange prompt assessment for a persistent vulvar sore, new lump, skin thickening, bleeding, discharge or itching that does not improve. Seek urgent help for heavy bleeding, rapidly worsening swelling, severe pain, fever with a wound, or difficulty passing urine. These findings can have causes other than cancer, but sudden or severe symptoms need timely care.

Ask what the biopsy shows, whether lymph nodes need assessment, who will coordinate treatment and why surgery or radiotherapy is being recommended. Ask about wound care, pain relief, physical activity, sexual wellbeing and the symptoms that should prompt a call.