When to worry about a seizure with heat stroke

Heat stroke can severely disrupt the brain and other organs. A very high body temperature may occur with confusion, collapse, hot skin, headache, nausea, weakness, or loss of coordination. A seizure means the illness is affecting the nervous system and cannot be safely managed by observation alone.

Do not wait for sweating to stop or for the person to describe how they feel. Heat stroke can impair awareness, so they may not recognise the danger or cooperate with cooling.

Call emergency services immediately. Move the person to shade or an air-conditioned place, remove extra clothing, and cool the skin with cool wet cloths, fanning, or a cool bath if this can be done safely. Keep watching their breathing.

During the seizure, clear nearby hazards, cushion the head, and do not restrain movements. Do not put anything in the mouth or give fluids to someone who is confused, unconscious, or actively seizing. Turn them onto their side when possible.

Every seizure with suspected heat stroke needs emergency assessment, even if it stops quickly or the person appears better. Emergency clinicians can check temperature, breathing, circulation, brain function, and complications affecting organs.

Do not leave the person alone, drive them yourself if they are confused or unstable, or delay help while trying to lower the temperature. If breathing stops, follow the emergency dispatcher’s instructions.

What signs suggest heat illness may return? How should I prepare for hot weather, exertion, or poor access to cooling? Could any medicine or health condition increase my risk, and when is it safe to resume activity?