When is tumour removal surgery recommended for salivary gland cancer?

Salivary gland cancers can arise in the parotid, submandibular or smaller glands in the mouth and throat. Examination, imaging and biopsy help identify the tumour and its extent. Surgery may remove part or all of the affected gland, along with nearby tissue when needed to achieve a clear boundary around the tumour.

The facial nerve passes through the parotid gland, so the team carefully considers whether it is close to or involved with the tumour. Lymph nodes in the neck may also be assessed or removed in selected cases. Radiotherapy or another treatment may be recommended before or after surgery based on the tumour’s type and features.

Arrange assessment with a head and neck surgeon or oncology team. Bring information about a lump, facial weakness, numbness, pain, dry mouth, swallowing difficulty or changes in the mouth. Ask to see the imaging and biopsy explanation in plain language. Discuss possible effects on facial movement, saliva, swallowing, speech and appearance, as well as recovery and rehabilitation.

Seek prompt review for a persistent or enlarging lump near the ear, jaw or neck, facial weakness, numbness, an ulcer in the mouth, unexplained pain, or difficulty swallowing. Seek urgent help for new trouble breathing, rapidly worsening swelling or inability to swallow fluids. These symptoms require assessment and do not independently establish cancer.

Ask which gland is involved, whether the facial nerve or lymph nodes are close to the tumour, and what tissue the operation would remove. Discuss expected effects on facial movement, saliva, swallowing and speech, possible reconstruction, recovery, and whether additional treatment is likely to be considered.