When is radiotherapy recommended for penile cancer?

The team looks at the tumour's size, exact position, depth, and nearby lymph nodes. External-beam treatment may be considered for selected smaller tumours or when an operation could affect appearance or function. Surgery may still be preferred for some tumours, while radiotherapy can also be used for lymph nodes or disease that cannot be removed safely. Medicines may be combined with radiotherapy in particular plans.

The penis and groin region can be sensitive during treatment. Possible effects include skin soreness, swelling, tiredness, discomfort when passing urine, or changes in sexual function. Your team will explain which effects are expected and how they can be managed.

Ask for a clear comparison of radiotherapy, surgery, and any combined approach, including effects on urination, sexual function, fertility, and daily activities. Report sores, discharge, bleeding, urinary changes, or enlarged groin lumps. Follow skin-care and washing instructions, and avoid applying products to the treated area unless the team approves them.

Call the treatment team promptly for increasing redness, open skin, pus, fever, worsening swelling, or difficulty passing urine. Seek emergency help for inability to urinate, heavy bleeding, severe pain, fainting, or rapidly worsening illness.

Ask why radiotherapy is being suggested, whether it is intended to preserve tissue or treat lymph nodes, and how it compares with surgery. Discuss sexual function, fertility, urinary effects, skin care, follow-up examinations, and who to contact if symptoms worsen.