When is testicle removal surgery recommended for testicular cancer?

An orchidectomy removes the affected testicle through an incision in the groin. The specimen is examined to confirm the cancer type and determine features that guide the next treatment. Removing the testicle can treat disease that is confined there, while scans and blood tests help the team assess whether further treatment is needed elsewhere.

The operation does not usually remove the scrotal skin. A prosthetic testicle may be considered during the operation or later if you want one. The remaining testicle often supports hormone production and fertility, but sperm banking and hormone testing should be discussed before treatment when relevant.

Ask the urology team what the ultrasound, examination and blood tests show, whether sperm should be stored, and whether a prosthesis is an option. Tell them about medicines, allergies and previous operations. Discuss when you can return to work, exercise and sexual activity, and how follow-up scans or blood tests will be arranged. More detail is available under [Testicle Removal Surgery](/treatments/surgical-oncology/orchidectomy/).

A new testicular lump, enlargement, heaviness or persistent ache should be assessed promptly by a clinician rather than watched at home. Sudden severe testicular pain, nausea or a high-riding testicle needs emergency assessment. After surgery, seek urgent advice for fever, increasing swelling, heavy bleeding, wound discharge, severe pain, chest pain or breathlessness.

Why is orchidectomy recommended in my case? Will sperm storage be arranged before surgery? Could I have a prosthetic testicle? What will the pathology result decide? How will the remaining testicle and testosterone be checked, and what follow-up schedule should I expect?