When is IVF recommended for female infertility?

Female infertility can involve blocked or damaged tubes, problems releasing an egg, diminished ovarian reserve, endometriosis, or changes inside the uterus. IVF can bypass the tubes and coordinate egg collection, fertilisation and embryo transfer. It may also be discussed when previous ovulation treatment or insemination has not worked.

The recommendation is individual. Age, ovarian reserve, semen findings, uterine health, previous treatment and the time spent trying to conceive all shape the decision. IVF is a process rather than a single procedure, with medication, monitoring, egg collection and embryo transfer.

A fertility assessment may include hormone tests, ultrasound, ovulation review, tubal assessment, semen analysis and evaluation of the uterine cavity. Ask which finding is driving the recommendation and whether treating it first would change the plan.

Discuss the stimulation protocol, egg collection, fertilisation method, embryo transfer and storage options. Tell the team about medicines, long-term conditions and previous operations so the plan can be adapted safely.

Arrange an assessment when pregnancy has not occurred after ongoing attempts, or earlier with irregular periods, known tubal disease, endometriosis, prior pelvic surgery or a concern about ovarian reserve. During treatment, seek urgent advice for severe pain, marked abdominal swelling, faintness or breathing difficulty.

What female factor is affecting fertility? Are there reasonable alternatives to IVF? How do my ovarian reserve and age affect the plan? What tests remain? What will happen at each stage, and when will we review the next step?