When is hydrotherapy recommended for frozen shoulder?

Warm water can help the shoulder feel less stiff while buoyancy supports the arm during controlled movement. A physiotherapist may practise reaching, rotation and posture work within a comfortable range. The programme depends on the stage of the condition, pain irritability and any underlying cause. Pool work is one part of rehabilitation and does not replace an examination or other treatment when these are needed.

Follow the range and pace given by the therapist; forcing the arm higher can increase irritation. Keep the shoulder relaxed, use supported movements and stop before sharp or escalating pain. Ask which home exercises should continue between pool sessions. Mention diabetes, recent injury, surgery, skin problems or difficulty getting in and out of a pool before starting.

Arrange medical review for sudden severe shoulder pain after an injury, visible deformity, a hot swollen joint, fever, new numbness or significant weakness. Seek urgent help if chest pain or severe breathlessness accompanies shoulder pain. A change from gradual stiffness to rapidly worsening symptoms should be assessed rather than treated as routine frozen shoulder.

Ask whether your shoulder is ready for pool exercise, which movements are appropriate, and how pain should guide the session. Clarify how hydrotherapy fits with home exercises, pain relief and any procedure being considered, plus the signs that mean you should stop.