What to know about tuberculosis screening for expat residents

Tuberculosis, or TB, is an infection that can affect the lungs and sometimes other parts of the body. Screening may be offered because of symptoms, close contact with someone who has TB, work or residence requirements, or a higher chance of past exposure. A blood test such as an IGRA or a skin test such as Mantoux may show immune evidence of TB. A positive screening result does not by itself show whether infection is active or where it is located.

Tell the clinic about previous TB tests, TB treatment, close contact with TB, symptoms, pregnancy, medicines and any immune condition. Bring relevant records if available. The clinic may choose a blood test, skin test, chest imaging or another examination according to your circumstances and local process. A skin test requires a return visit so the result can be assessed. Attend follow-up even if you feel well, because inactive infection may have no symptoms.

Arrange prompt clinical assessment for a cough that persists, coughing blood, chest pain, fever, night sweats, unexplained weight loss or marked tiredness, particularly after TB exposure. Seek urgent help for severe breathing difficulty, confusion or coughing a large amount of blood. Do not wait for routine screening if you are significantly unwell. A clinician may recommend precautions while active TB is being assessed.

Which screening test fits my history? Will I need a chest examination or imaging? What does a positive result mean in my case? When should I receive the result, and who will arrange follow-up?