What to know about total knee replacement in older adults

Age alone does not decide whether knee replacement is suitable. The clinical review considers pain, stiffness, walking ability, sleep, other health conditions, medicines, memory or balance concerns, and the support available after discharge. The operation replaces damaged knee surfaces; recovery then depends on safe movement, exercises and gradual return to daily tasks.

Tell the team about falls, heart or lung problems, diabetes, kidney concerns, dental problems and previous reactions to medicines or anaesthesia. This information helps the team plan monitoring, equipment, pain relief and discharge support around your needs.

Before admission, clear walking paths, place frequently used items within reach and arrange a stable chair, suitable toilet access and help with meals, washing and transport. Review every medicine with the surgical team; do not stop prescribed treatment without instructions. If you use glasses, hearing aids or a walking aid, bring them and label them.

Ask who will supervise exercises and wound care, how follow-up will work, and what to do if you feel dizzy or unsteady. Use the prescribed walking aid and take short, regular activity periods. A family member or caregiver can help record instructions and notice changes that you may overlook while tired.

Contact the care team for fever, increasing wound redness or drainage, wound opening, worsening pain, new calf swelling, or a sudden change in walking ability. Seek emergency help for chest pain, sudden breathlessness, coughing blood, fainting or a fall that causes severe pain or deformity. Older adults should report new confusion or unusual sleepiness promptly, especially after a medicine change.

Ask how your other conditions affect preparation, which medicines need a plan, what equipment is needed at home, who will provide physiotherapy, how caregivers should help, and which mobility changes require urgent review.