What to know about respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants

RSV spreads through coughs, sneezes, close contact, and contaminated hands or surfaces. An infant may have a runny nose, cough, fever, reduced appetite, or unusual tiredness. Some infants develop bronchiolitis, in which narrowed small airways make breathing harder. Very young infants may show irritability, reduced activity, or pauses in breathing rather than an obvious cough.

Offer breastfeeds or usual milk feeds more often, in smaller amounts if congestion makes feeding tiring. Keep the baby upright while awake and clear nasal mucus gently before feeds. Avoid tobacco smoke and keep sick visitors away. Check breathing, alertness, and wet nappies regularly. Do not give cough medicines or medicines for fever unless a clinician has advised the product and dose for your infant.

Seek urgent help if the infant is struggling to breathe, breathing pauses occur, the lips or face look blue or grey, the baby is difficult to wake, or feeds are repeatedly refused. Contact a clinician promptly for fewer wet nappies, worsening breathing, marked sleepiness, or fever in a very young infant. A clinician can assess oxygen levels, hydration, and the work of breathing.

Ask which symptoms should prompt same-day review, how to monitor feeds and wet nappies, and whether your infant has factors that increase the chance of severe illness. Confirm which fever medicine, if any, is suitable and when follow-up is needed.