What to know about a PSA test in men

PSA is made by prostate cells. A raised result can occur with prostate cancer, but also with non-cancerous prostate enlargement, inflammation, infection, or recent irritation of the prostate. A lower result does not by itself settle every prostate question. Clinicians interpret the value alongside your age, symptoms, examination, medical history, medicines, and any earlier results. One result is not a diagnosis.

Ask the testing clinic whether you need to avoid ejaculation, vigorous cycling, or other prostate irritation before the blood draw, and tell them about urinary infection symptoms or medicines that may affect PSA. Depending on the result and your overall picture, follow-up may include repeating the test, examining the prostate, imaging, or referral to a specialist. Do not change prescribed medicines without advice.

Arrange medical advice for persistent difficulty passing urine, blood in urine or semen, pain in the back or pelvis, or urinary changes that are new or worsening. Seek urgent help if you cannot pass urine, have fever with severe urinary symptoms, or feel acutely unwell. These symptoms need assessment because several conditions can cause them.

Ask what the test is intended to clarify, whether you need preparation, how your result compares with earlier testing, and what follow-up would be appropriate. You can also ask whether another condition or medicine could affect the result.