What to know about menopause after 40

Perimenopause is the transition when ovarian hormone patterns change and periods may become less predictable. Hot flushes, night sweats, sleep disruption, mood changes, vaginal dryness, and difficulty concentrating can occur. Menopause itself is a point in time rather than a long phase. If periods stop earlier than expected, or symptoms are severe, a clinician may check for other explanations as well as discussing menopause.

Track bleeding, sleep, flushes, mood, pain, and medicines so you can describe patterns at an appointment. Regular movement, breathable clothing, a cool bedroom, and a consistent sleep routine may make symptoms easier to manage. Vaginal moisturisers or lubricants can help dryness, while prescribed hormonal or non-hormonal treatments may suit some people. Your medical history, migraine pattern, clotting history, and breast health affect the choice.

Arrange medical review for very heavy bleeding, bleeding between periods, bleeding after sex, or pelvic pain. Any vaginal bleeding after twelve months without periods needs assessment, even if it is light. Seek urgent care for bleeding that makes you dizzy or faint, severe pelvic pain, or weakness. Do not assume every symptom after 40 is menopause; thyroid, medication, pregnancy, and other conditions can produce similar changes.

Could my pattern be perimenopause or another condition? Which treatment fits my health history? How should unusual bleeding be investigated? What can help vaginal or sleep symptoms?