What to know about flu vaccination in older adults

With age, the immune response can become less strong, and recovery from influenza may be more difficult, particularly with heart, lung, kidney, or metabolic conditions. Seasonal vaccination gives the immune system a way to recognise influenza, although it does not prevent every respiratory infection. Protection develops after vaccination and must be refreshed according to seasonal guidance because circulating viruses change. Arm tenderness, fatigue, or a mild fever can occur for a short time.

Contact a vaccination service or your doctor to confirm which seasonal vaccine is recommended and when to receive it. Bring a list of medicines and mention allergies, previous vaccine reactions, immune conditions, bleeding problems, and any current illness. Rest and drink fluids if you feel mildly unwell afterwards, following advice suitable for you. Continue other preventive measures, such as hand hygiene and avoiding close contact when ill. Do not delay medical review of influenza symptoms because you have been vaccinated.

Discuss vaccination before the appointment if you previously had a serious allergic reaction to a dose or ingredient, or if your immune system is suppressed. Seek urgent help for breathing difficulty, swelling of the face or throat, collapse, widespread hives, chest pain, confusion, or severe weakness after vaccination or during an illness. Older adults with fever, worsening cough, or sudden decline should contact a clinician promptly.

Which seasonal influenza vaccine is appropriate for me? Should my long-term conditions or medicines change the timing? What reaction is expected, and which symptoms need urgent care? How should I act if I develop flu symptoms?